Death Of Black And White Penal Hell Hole, Popular Media,...

Kids can no longer play outside; people lock their doors at night. People fear daily whether they will make it back to their house at night. Some leave in the morning in a suit and tie off to their nine to five jobs, others go off into the streets, trying to make the best they can with what they have. America is the leading nation of individuals in prison, representing almost a quarter of the worlds imprisoned population. Over the years, the number of incarcerated individuals has increased as well as the length of the criminal’s sentence. Sadly, this is a dynamic that is not changing anytime in the near future. According to Yvonne Jewkes in â€Å"Punishment in Black and White Penal ‘Hell-Hole,’ Popular Media, and Mass Incarceration,†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦show more content†¦The United States prisons have â€Å"more than 2.3 million people in 1,719 state prisons, 102 federal prisons, 942 juvenile correctional facilities, and 3,283 local jails and 79 Indian Country jai ls as well as in military prisons (Wagner, Rabuy). The United States comprises 4.4 percent of the world population, but accounts for 22% of the world’s prison population. Referring to Jewkes, â€Å"young men of African American or African Caribbean descent have borne the brunt of racist and stereotypical news reports about crimes ranging from offices involving drugs, gang membership, guns, homicide, and sexual violence† (54). The high drug problem is part of the reason for Americas high levels of lethal crime. According to Lopez â€Å"unlike regimes like China, it makes use of less punitive punishments like the death penalty (#). The Correctional system is comprised of state and federal county and local institutions. Inmates are detained in the local jails until sentencing. Upon sentencing, the individuals are moved to more permanent housing to serve their time. The two main prison systems used in the United States are state and federal. Although both facilities are serving the same purpose of keeping criminals confided, they still differ. State prisons have a higher capacity and house more violent offenders, and these state inmates are convicted of blue collar crimes. Blue – collar crimes are

Monetary Policy Stimulus Free Essays

Suppose that you have been hired as a consultant to advise the Federal Reserve Bank on Monetary Policy. They seek to eliminate our persisting unemployment situation. Devise a package of steps involved with your monetary policy stimulus plan, and convince Fed Chairman Bernanke to use your approach? 2. We will write a custom essay sample on Monetary Policy Stimulus or any similar topic only for you Order Now With the ongoing unemployment, the Obama Administration, Congress and the Federal Reserve continue to struggle for stimulus solutions. They seem to be taking both Fiscal and Monetary Stimulus measures.Compare and contrast the detailed dynamics, mechanisms, and potentials of Fiscal Policy and Monetary Policy. 3. Some reject stimulus measures in all current policy forms. These economists focus on the damaging activities and decisions of (a) private corporations, (b) commercial banks, and (c) wealthy individuals. How can these three groups that lead our private market system, each in their own way, frustrate and foil the goals of a combined fiscal and monetary stimulus program. 4.Given our currently high unemployment rate and low inflation rate, argue â€Å"for or against† a Supply-Side policy focus versus a Demand-Side policy emphasis. Upon completing ECO201, you have been hired by the Obama administration to advise them on Foreign Exchange Policy. Their concern is that low interest rates and a large trade deficit have led to a depreciating dollar. Accordingly, first prepare an overview of the way such rates and trade conditions can threaten our currency value. Then secondly, advise the President whether (or not) steps should be taken to strengthen the dollar in foreign exchange markets. How to cite Monetary Policy Stimulus, Papers

Financial Report of a Company

Question: 1. Background of the Company Write a good concise introduction of your chosen companys history, strategies, products, customers and the market competition of the industry that your chosen company is competing in. 2. Strengths and Weaknesses of the Company To adequately cover this part, your group is required to address the following issues: - Write a good concise introduction of Corporate Governance and relate to the Statement of Corporate Governance included in the most recently available annual report of your chosen company. Answer: About Booker: The Booker group is the leading food whole seller of United Kingdom. The group consist of the following: 1. Booker wholesale 2. Makro 3. Booker Direct 4. Classic drinks 5. Ritter Courivaud 6. Chef direct 7. Booker India The company serves 1.5 million customers in total. (Booker group, 2015) The company has its headquarters in the United Kingdom and is its largest cash and carry operator. It offers branded and private label goods that are sold to around 486,000 customers. The customer base includes the independent convenience stores, grocers, leisure outlets, pubs and restaurants. The group has a wide range of branded ad own label grocery, fresh and frozen food, beers, wines, spirits, tobacco and non-food items. The company currently lists about circa 18,000 lines of the products. As on March 29, 2013, the sales of the company totalled to 2.8 billion and the same were collected by the customer from the branches of the group and the sales totalling to 1.2 billion were delivered to the customer premises of the company. (Booker group, 2015) The company operates in the industry of UK grocery and discount sector and there is an increase in the competition within the industry. The company aims at delivering the plans that could be afforded by the customers and give them a better choice, price and the services along with the continued delivery of the Makro synergy plans and the efficiency programs. The company is in the process of delivering an outcome for the New Year which is in parity with the plans of the company and making progress in the challenging environment. Corporate governance: The concept of corporate governance is defined as the set of the systems, processes and the principles that aim at ensuring that the company is governed in the best interests of the stakeholders. It ensures that the company is directed and controlled in the best interests of the stakeholders. It is all about promoting the fairness of the corporate, transparency and accountability. It ensures the following: 1. Making the adequate disclosures and undertaking an effective decision making so as to achieve the objectives of the corporate 2. Ensuring transparency in the transactions of the business 3. Statutory and legal compliances 4. Protection of the interests of the shareholder 5. Commitments towards the values and ethical conduct of the business. (Corporate governance concepts, 2015) Corporate governance statement of Booker: The corporate governance statement of the company states that by the end of the year March 28, 2014, the company has complied with all the provisions and have successfully applied the main principles of the UK corporate governance code 2010, referred to as the Code. The report of corporate governance together with the report of the Audit committee, the report of the nomination committee and the remuneration report have complied with the provisions of the code. All the non-executive directors of the company are considered to be independent and considered to be free from any of the business or relationship that could affect their judgement as per the Code. The independence of the non-executive directors is considered each and every year and provides constructive challenges and ensures that the board is independent during the decision making process0 the board is of the view that there must be a presence of a Senior independent non-executive director and Lord Bilimoria fulfils that role. The role of the senior most non-executive director is that he can be approached in case the grievances are not resolved through the normal channels and he can be contacted wherever found appropriate. The board consists of the sufficient members and possess adequate skills and experience. No individual executive and non-executive director is capable of influencing the decision making power of the board. The directors keep themselves updated about the various activities of the group, such as the regulatory environment and the market in which it operates, through meetings with the senior most executives of the group. The latest external evaluation of the performance was conducted by the Institute of director in April, 2013 and the next will take place during April, 2016. In order to take care of the issues related with the policies of the group, the Audit Committee, a Nomination Committee and a Remuneration Committee has been established. All the directors have to submit their candidature for their election as the directors to the shareholders and are required to retire by rotation once in every three years. As per the Companys Articles of Association and section 175 of the Companies Act 2006, all the formal procedures for the notification and authorisation of potential and actual conflicts of interest have been duly approved by the Board. References: Bookergroup.com, (2015). Annual report 2014. Retrieved 12 February 2015, from https://www.bookergroup.com/~/media/Files/B/Booker-Group/pdf/investor-centre/reposts-presentations/rp2014/booker-group-ar14-06062014.pdf? Bookergroup.com, (2015). Our Businesses Booker Group PLC. Retrieved 12 February 2015, from https://www.bookergroup.com/about-booker/our-businesses.aspx Bookergroup.com, (2015). What We Do Booker Group PLC. Retrieved 12 February 2015, from https://www.bookergroup.com/about-booker/what-we-do.aspx Business.gov.in, (2015). Business Portal of India: Corporate Governance: Concept and Objectives. Retrieved 12 February 2015, from https://business.gov.in/corporate_governance/concept_objectivess.php

Accounts Auditing Planning Beginning of the Engagement

Question: Discuss about the Accounts Auditing Planning for Beginning of the Engagement. Answer: Part A: Audit planning The planning of audit starts at the beginning of the engagement. The planning for the audit should not be a discrete and separate part in auditing. The audit planning of the company sincerely starts after completion of previous years audit. ISA 300 has given guidance in relation to the audit planning. The guidance has to be followed and following facts to be considered as the part of the planning; The risk assessment will be the first part which will include nature, timing and the extent of risks. The audit procedure has to be planned further to assess nature, timing and the extent of audit planning. Other planned audit engagement that has to be carried out is to be mentioned (ACCA, 2016). Preliminary judgment of materiality Materiality is the factor that makes difference to the users of annual report. Auditing never gives 100% assurance of the quality of the audit. According to AUS 306, materiality actually means information which is either omitted or misstated and would potentially have negative impact on allocation of the scarce resources. If the materiality is to be understood from the point of view of Bob's Bikes, an example would help significantly to understand what materiality is all about. Bob's Bikes had a cost of sales $53,271 compared to sales of $ 201,515 in 2016 and cost of sales in 2015 was $63,595 when sales was $187,450. If for some reason cost sales figure was overstated by $1000 in 2015 would not have material impact on the annual report of the company but if it is overstated by $5000, then it would have material impact on the financials. Analytical review As the data of trial balance of Bobs Bikes indicate that there would be some serious doubts on accumulated depreciating figure of the company. In machinery the company had the accumulated depreciation of $ 46,041 in 2016 and in 2015 it was $ 24,375. The depreciation on the assets have been increased significantly from $$ 24,375 to $ 46,041. This figure has to be analysed. The wages in 2016 declined at $ 46,816 compared to $53,000 in 2015. The reason for the decline has to be verified. The other income figure was $25,000 in 2015 but it was reported as $1000 in 2016. The auditor has to see the source of the other income. The cost of sales has declined to $53,271 despite increase in sales in 2016 compared to $63,595 of 2015, when the sales was lower (Pcaobus, 2016). Five accounts selected and rationales According to the data provided in the trial balance some prima facie irregularities or more appropriately doubts have been found against following accounts; Accumulated depreciation on machinery Wages Other income Cost of sales Depreciation In above all of the accounts the rationale of significant increase in accumulated depreciation on machinery has to be found out. On the other hand the significant decline in wages, other income, cost of sales have to be analysed. The disproportionate increase in deprecation to accumulated depreciation is to be analysed during audit (ACCA, 2016). Part B: Sample selection The sample selection is being recognized by ACCA. According to ACCA, the economical way of conducting audit is sample selection. The ordinary test will not be economical. It is also advised for 100% testing of data where there is limited high value data available. The sample techniques used in the manner that is appropriate the auditor. Here in this case three samples have been chosen from the revenue part. 24/07/2015 SJ Accounts receivable 4400 23/10/2015 SJ Accounts receivable 7245 25/03/2016 SJ Accounts receivable 6180 The data will be crossed checked with the vouchers and the day book. The cash balance and the bank balance for the proper reflection of those values is also to be verified. The data once verified will indicate that company has rightfully included all sales figures (Accountingscholar, 2016). Explanation/demonstration of sampling technique The sampling technique shall be of the mix of three methods random, systematic or haphazard. The samples have to be chosen randomly and haphazard way was the auditor is nearly sure that no material omission or misstatement has taken place. Where the auditor has the doubt about the quality of accounts and high value deals, the auditor shall use systematic approach in sample picking and testing. It should be more of a comprehensive effort from the part of auditor. Benefits of selected sampling technique In case of randomly and haphazard way of choosing samples, it gives an indication that the accounts maintained in the proper manner or not. Whether there was any suppression of facts to be found out from randomly picked samples. It is important to understand that high value transactions would be rightly chosen by the auditor and the systematic approach in sample checking would be appropriate in those transactions (Pcaobus, 2016). Part C: Considerations in substantive testing and collecting audit evidence The important aspect of substantive testing is gross testing of one or more account or sector. If some mistakes and errors are found in the expenses segment, then it becomes imperative to conduct substantive testing on all transactions related to that sector or the industry. The reason for substantive approach is to choose and pick the high value transactions or the transactions with 1% doubt. The substantive approach would yield better result in terms of auditing and pin pointing the actual issues related to the business. The reasons for checking one sector thoroughly are to find out the mistakes in the business and the policy of the company. The substantive approach in picking the accounts has helped the auditors to resort to the conclusion that the accounting in part b is indicating more of occurrence. There are still entries that are important part of ascertaining fair accounting practice is missing. There would be several other transactions that needed to be included in the accounting process. The tracing and vouching are important in auditing but vouching is more appropriate as it first selects an item and then starts finding the links of the items from accounting entries and the concerned vouchers and records. The journals and the ledgers are first checked against the item and then vouchers are matched against the item. Another important assertion would be reconciliation. The reconciliation of the banks and the cash items and the cash flow with cash balance would indicate the proper financial statement of the company. The reconciliation would indicate any mistake or omission or suppression of accounting facts (Accountingexplained, 2016). The reconciliation process would indicate the actual cash position of the organization. The cash balances would be reconciled with bank balances and the cash flows. The discrepancy would be wide open. Any difference in the cash balance and the cash flow statement balance would indicate discrepancy in the accounting procedure or omission or willful misstatement (Auasb, 2001). The important aspect of materiality indicates that negligible mistakes do happen in industry but a bigger mistake has no place to consider as just omission. Here the transaction of $20,000 cannot be ignored. The criteria for materiality are well known; 5% discrepancy in income from continuous operation % to 1% of revenue or expenses % to 1% of assets These are the simple examples. But $5 million difference in revenue figure of $3.5 billion Company is immaterial but $5 million difference in revenue figure of $35 billion Company is material fact. Here the transactions are indicating that the company has barely managed to reach $200,000 sales where the omission or misstatement of $20,000 is really material as it represents 10% of the revenue. If the testing are mainly related to control instead of substantive testing, these bigger mistakes relevant. The size of the mistake is worrisome from the point of view of control and substantive testing. The transaction is significantly large and should have been included in the accounting. It has to be found out whether it is barely a omission or willful misstatement of the fact or the suppression of the fact. These sorts of mistakes put the doubt on the control system of the company (Study, 2016). The other information regarding remuneration of the promoter, the related party transactions, the transactions at the arms length are important aspect of auditing. There is no scope for any mistake from the point of view of the auditors. Scams do happen in those transactions where material facts are suppressed for the benefit of the promoter and for the evasion of income tax. In concerning to the transaction of the part A case, the substantive test would resume its relevance only if there is misstatement of various accounting entries. If the accounting entries are mainly related to one sector, it needs to be verified with substantive testing. The complete testing of one segment of accounting is like checking of all expenses or matching of revenue with expenses by each entry would be considered as part of substantive testing. Bibliography ACCA. (2016, 09 28). AUDIT SAMPLING. Retrieved 09 28, 2016, from www.accaglobal.com: https://www.accaglobal.com/zm/en/student/exam-support-resources/fundamentals-exams-study-resources/f8/technical-articles/audit-sampling.html ACCA. (2016, 09 28). PLANNING AN AUDIT OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS. Retrieved 09 28, 2016, from www.accaglobal.com/: https://www.accaglobal.com/an/en/student/exam-support-resources/professional-exams-study-resources/p7/technical-articles/audit-financial-statements.html Accountingexplained. (2016, 09 28). Bank Reconciliation. Retrieved 09 28, 2016, from accountingexplained.com: https://accountingexplained.com/financial/cash-and-equiv/bank-reconciliation Accountingscholar. (2016, 09 28). What is Materiality? Retrieved 09 28, 2016, from www.accountingscholar.com: https://www.accountingscholar.com/determine-materiality.html Auasb. (2001). AUS 306- Materiality and Audit Adjustments. Retrieved 09 28, 2016, from www.auasb.gov.au: https://www.auasb.gov.au/admin/file/content102/c3/AUS_306.pdf Pcaobus. (2016, 09 28). AU Section 350. Retrieved 09 28, 2016, from pcaobus.org: https://pcaobus.org/Standards/Auditing/pages/au350.aspx Pcaobus. (2016, 09 28). Audit Risk and Materiality in Conducting an Audit . Retrieved 09 28, 2016, from pcaobus.org: https://pcaobus.org/Standards/Auditing/pages/au312.aspx Study. (2016, 09 28). SUBSTANTIVE AUDITING TESTS. Retrieved 09 28, 2016, from study.com: https://study.com/academy/lesson/substantive-procedures-in-auditing-definition-lesson-quiz.html

Sample Pro-Con Essay

Sample Pro-Con EssayI was recently talking to a friend and he asked me if I could do a sample pro con essay for him to do. I thought that it was a good idea because I had been on the Internet so long and always wanted to do an online tutorial. I was able to find a great resource for a sample pro con essay so I just got to looking around. I noticed one that would make a great sample.The sample pro con essay, which I will share with you, is very easy to read. It gives you the option of choosing a submitter that is going to publish your work. If you are more of an independent writer then you can choose to submit to your own website and if you prefer to submit it to a publishing company. In the case of this resource I would recommend that you choose to submit to the company you wish to publish your book in.The essays that come with the resource offer some great insight into what makes a good online essay. The first tip for a good essay is to let your audience feel free to tell you how th ey feel about whatever it is that you are writing about. The best way to show them that you understand their feelings is to let them speak up for themselves. You can keep track of your own reaction by reviewing all of the feedback provided by readers of your work.The most important advice for an essay is to keep it brief. It is so easy to get distracted by fancy vocabulary or complicated grammar and forget that an essay has to do with a specific point. Also it is important that the reader gets something out of the essay rather than just reading about yourself.In order to create a good essay in a short amount of time you need to read a lot of material. While you are waiting for that other piece of advice to take hold I would encourage you to learn how to write an essay. These are some great resources for those who want to start writing their own essay.The next tip is to keep it simple. One of the best things about writing is that you are actually writing about something that you have no interest in. People love to read essays that have some feeling to them. You do not want to use anything that you have a particular interest in as a means of getting your readers to pay attention to your essay.In conclusion a sample pro con essay is very easy to read. If you keep in mind these tips you will be able to create a great essay in no time at all.

Decision making Tools in the organization

How to use GoToWebinar - Emphasis

How to use GoToWebinar How to use GoToWebinar On Wednesday 23 November, Emphasis CEO Rob Ashton will be holding an online seminar: How to supercharge any sentence in 60 seconds. Here is some information for participants. When you join the session, you will see a control panel on the right side of your screen that looks something like this: To watch and hear the presentation, you shouldnt need to do anything just listen through your headset and watch the screen. If you have any questions, you can raise your hand to ask a question by pressing the raise hand button: When Rob is ready to take your question, he will un-mute your microphone. You can also ask a question by typing it into the box, as shown below: We look forward to seeing you there. If you missed the session but would like to watch a recording of it, you can do so here.